2-Methylglutaric acid is an organic acid normally found in human urine in healthy adults and children. It is a metabolite of succinic acid a citric acid cycle intermediate.

Cyanine5 NHS ester chloride is a reactive dye with red fluorescence that requires a small amount of organic cosolvent (such as DMF or DMSO) to label amino groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides.

L-Mimosine is a non-protein amino acid, and acts as an iron chelator.